- AO1Demonstrate knowledge of locations, places, processes, environments and different scales
- AO2Demonstrate geographical understanding of concepts and the interrelationships between places, environments and processes
- U1.CO.1Coastal processes: waves (constructive and destructive), erosion, transportation (longshore drift) and deposition
- U1.CO.2Coastal landforms: cliffs, wave-cut platforms, headlands, bays, caves, arches, stacks; beaches, spits, bars
- U1.CO.3Coastal management: hard engineering (sea walls, groynes, rock armour) and soft engineering (beach nourishment, managed retreat); NI case study
- U1.EC.1Plate tectonics: theory, plate boundaries (constructive, destructive, conservative, collision)
- U1.EC.2Volcanoes and earthquakes: features, distribution, formation; case study of one volcanic and one seismic event
- U1.EC.3Managing tectonic hazards: prediction, preparation, protection; comparing HIC and LIC responses
- U1.RV.1Drainage basin features: watershed, source, mouth, tributaries, confluence; the hydrological cycle
- U1.RV.2River processes: erosion (vertical, lateral, four mechanisms), transportation (four processes) and deposition
- U1.RV.3River landforms: V-shaped valley, waterfalls, meanders, oxbow lakes, floodplains and levées
- U1.RV.4River flooding: causes, effects and management; UK / Northern Ireland case study
- U1.WC.1Measuring weather: instruments and synoptic charts
- U1.WC.2Air masses affecting the British Isles; the formation of depressions and anticyclones; passage of a depression
- U1.WC.3Climate change: evidence, natural and human causes; effects on Northern Ireland and globally; mitigation and adaptation
- U2.CS.1Urbanisation in the developed world: causes, urban morphology, central business district, suburbs
- U2.CS.2Urbanisation in the developing world: rural–urban migration; growth of megacities; opportunities and challenges (slums)
- U2.CS.3Urban issues and management: regeneration, sustainable cities; NI/UK case study (e.g. Belfast) and developing-world case study (e.g. Mumbai)
- U2.CW.1Measuring development: GDP, HDI, GNI per capita; classification (HIC, MIC, LIC, NIC)
- U2.CW.2Causes and consequences of unequal development; the development gap
- U2.CW.3Strategies for reducing the gap: trade, aid, fair trade, microfinance and intermediate technology
- U2.MT.1Human impact on the environment at local, regional and global scales
- U2.MT.3Environmental case study: tropical rainforest deforestation OR plastic in the oceans
- U2.PE.1Distribution of the world’s population; population density and factors affecting it
- U2.PE.2The Demographic Transition Model and population change in stage 5 (e.g. Italy, Germany)
- U2.PE.3Migration: types, push and pull factors; impacts on origin and destination
- U3.S1Skill: identifying suitable fieldwork enquiry questions and hypotheses
- U3.S2Skill: planning data collection — sampling strategies, primary and secondary methods, risk assessment